Codal Analysis for Quiz Generation
Source Text: Rule 8, Sections 12 & 13
- Main Sections Analyzed: 2 (Sec. 12, Sec. 13)
- Sub-sections Analyzed (Sec. 12): 5 (a, b, c, d, e)
- Enumerated Grounds (Sec. 12(a)): 5
Distinct Legal Concepts Identified:
- Manner/vehicle for raising affirmative defenses (in the answer).
- Exclusivity of grounds (limited to Rule 6, Sec 5(b) + 5 enumerated).
- 5 specific grounds (jurisdiction, venue, capacity, cause of action, condition precedent).
- Timing for raising defenses (earliest opportunity).
- Consequence of failure to raise (waiver).
- Court's duty to resolve certain defenses (`motu proprio`).
- Timeline for `motu proprio` resolution (30 calendar days from filing of answer).
- Discretionary power for other defenses (court *may* conduct summary hearing).
- Timeline for conducting summary hearing (within 15 calendar days from filing of answer).
- Timeline for resolving defenses after summary hearing (30 calendar days from termination).
- Prohibited remedies for denied defenses (no MR, certiorari, prohibition, mandamus).
- Proper remedy for denied defenses (raise on appeal after judgment on merits).
- Initiation of motion to strike (by party or court's initiative).
- Party's deadline to move to strike (before responding, or 20 calendar days if no responsive pleading).
- Court's timeline for striking matter (at any time).
- Grounds for striking matter (sham, false, redundant, etc.).
Justification for Item Count (28):
The analysis identified approximately 16 distinct, testable legal concepts. To achieve Bar-level difficulty, several concepts were split to test nuances (e.g., separating timelines from actions, testing specific grounds, using precise terminology like "calendar days"). Creating 28 items allows for comprehensive coverage, inclusion of subtle distractors, testing of exceptions and conditions, and meeting the required 40% FALSE and 25-30% "Most Difficult" ratios without becoming repetitive. This number substantially covers the excerpt's density.